Phase I - Phase I involves treatment on a child usually from the age of 6 to 10.  It involves the placement of bands on the posterior teeth and brackets on the four anterior teeth. Phase I treatment involves specific diagnosis and treatment objects.  Not all patients need phase I treatment.  Dr. Maxwell looks for specific dental and skeletal problems that are best fixed at an early age before permanent harm can be done.  These problems include crossbites, excessive crowding, excessive spacing, excessive protrusion of upper teeth, deepbite that includes gum impingement, habit elimination, narrow upper arch, excessive grinding mouth breathing/snoring/sleep apnea and esthetic concerns.  

After the completion of treatment objects, orthodontic appliances are removed and retainers are constructed.  Patients are asked to wear their retainers for the first three months full time and then just at night after that.  Patients are monitored at 3-4 month intervals for the eruption of the remaining permanent teeth.  Patient may require a second phase of orthodontics after the eruption of the remaining permanent teeth.

Phase II - Phase II involves the treatment of child from the age of 10 to 15.  It involves the placement of orthodontic band and brackets on all the permanent teeth.